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全国人民代表大会


中华人民共和国主席令（六届第47号）

《中华人民共和国邮政法》已由中华人民共和国第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议于1986年12月2日通过，现予公布，自1987年1月1日起施行。

中华人民共和国主席 李先念
1986年12月2日


中华人民共和国邮政法

（1986年12月2日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议通过 1986年12月2日中华人民共和国主席令第四十七号公布 自1987年1月1日起施行）

第一章 总 则
第一条 为了保护通信自由和通信秘密，保障邮政工作的正常进行，促进邮政事业的发展，以适应社会主义建设和人民生活的需要，根据《中华人民共和国宪法》，制定本法。
第二条 国务院邮政主管部门管理全国邮政工作。
国务院邮政主管部门根据需要设立地区邮政管理机构，管理各该地区的邮政工作。
第三条 国务院邮政主管部门所属的邮政企业是全民所有制的经营邮政业务的公用企业。
邮政企业按照国务院邮政主管部门的规定设立经营邮政业务的分支机构。
第四条 通信自由和通信秘密受法律保护。除因国家安全或者追查刑事犯罪的需要，由公安机关、国家安全机关或者检察机关依照法律规定的程序对通信进行检查外，任何组织或者个人不得以任何理由侵犯他人的通信自由和通信秘密。
第五条 用户交寄的邮件、交汇的汇款和储蓄的存款受法律保护。除法律另有规定外，任何组织或者个人不得检查、扣留。
第六条 邮政企业应当为用户提供迅速、准确、安全、方便的邮政服务。
除法律另有规定外，邮政企业和邮政工作人员不得向任何组织或者个人提供用户使用邮政业务的情况。
第七条 邮件和汇款在未投交收件人、收款人之前，所有权属于寄件人或者汇款人。
第八条 信件和其他具有信件性质的物品的寄递业务由邮政企业专营，但是国务院另有规定的除外。
邮政企业根据需要可以委托其他单位或者个人代办邮政企业专营的业务。代办人员办理邮政业务时，适用本法关于邮政工作人员的规定。
第九条 任何单位或者个人不得伪造或者冒用邮政专用标志、邮政标志服和邮政专用品。
第二章 邮政企业的设置和邮政设施
第十条 邮政企业及其分支机构的设置标准，由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第十一条 邮政企业应当在方便群众的地方设置分支机构、邮亭、报刊亭、邮筒等设施，或者进行流动服务。
城市居民楼应当设置住户接收邮件的信报箱。
在较大的车站、机场、港口和宾馆内，应当设有办理邮政业务的场所。
第三章 邮政业务的种类和资费
第十二条 邮政企业经营下列业务：
（一）国内和国际邮件寄递；
（二）国内报刊发行；
（三）邮政储蓄、邮政汇兑；
（四）国务院邮政主管部门规定的适合邮政企业经营的其他业务。
第十三条 邮政企业及其分支机构不得擅自停办国务院邮政主管部门和地区邮政管理机构规定的必须办理的邮政业务。
因不可抗力或者特殊原因，邮政企业及其分支机构需要暂时停止或者限制办理部分邮政业务，必须经国务院邮政主管部门或者地区邮政管理机构批准。
第十四条 邮政企业应当加强报刊发行工作。出版单位委托邮政企业发行报刊，应当与邮政企业订立发行合同。
第十五条 邮政业务的基本资费，由国务院物价主管部门制定，报国务院批准。非基本资费由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第十六条 各类邮件资费的交付，以邮资凭证或者证明邮资已付的戳记表示。
第十七条 邮票、邮资信封、邮资明信片、邮资邮简等邮资凭证由国务院邮政主管部门发行，任何单位或者个人不得伪造。
仿印邮票图案的管理办法，由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第十八条 售出的邮资凭证不得向邮政企业及其分支机构兑换现金。
停止使用的邮资凭证，由国务院邮政主管部门在停止使用前一个月公告并停止出售，持有人可以自公告之日起六个月内向邮政企业及其分支机构换取有效的邮资凭证。
第十九条 下列邮资凭证不得使用：
（一）经国务院邮政主管部门公告已经停止使用的；
（二）盖销或者划销的；
（三）污染、残缺或者褪色、变色，难以辨认的；
（四）从邮资信封、邮资明信片、邮资邮简上剪下的邮票图案。
第四章 邮件的寄递
第二十条 用户交寄邮件，必须遵守国务院有关主管部门关于禁止寄递物品、限量寄递物品的规定。
第二十一条 用户交寄除信件以外的其他邮件，应当交邮政企业或者其分支机构当面验视内件。拒绝验视的，不予收寄。
用户交寄的信件必须符合准寄内容的规定，必要时邮政企业及其分支机构有权要求用户取出进行验视。
第二十二条 邮政企业及其分支机构应当按照国务院邮政主管部门规定的时限投交邮件。
第二十三条 无法投递的邮件，应当退回寄件人。
无法投递又无法退回的信件，在国务院邮政主管部门规定的期限内无人认领的，由地区邮政管理机构负责销毁。
无法投递又无法退回的进口国际邮递物品，在国务院邮政主管部门规定的期限内无人认领的，由海关依法处理。
无法投递又无法退回的其他邮件的处理办法，由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第二十四条 邮政汇款的收款人应当自收到汇款通知之日起两个月内凭有效证明到邮政企业或者其分支机构兑领汇款；逾期未领的汇款，由邮政企业或者其分支机构退回汇款人。自退汇通知投交汇款人之日起满十个月未被领回的汇款，上缴国库。
第二十五条 寄递邮件逐步实行邮政编码，具体办法由国务院邮政主管部门规定。
第五章 邮件的运输、验关和检疫
第二十六条 铁路、公路、水运、航空等运输单位均负有载运邮件的责任，保证邮件优先运出，并在运费上予以优惠。
第二十七条 邮政企业在车站、机场、港口转运邮件，有关运输单位应当统一安排装卸邮件的场所和出入通道。
第二十八条 带有邮政专用标志的邮政车船和邮政工作人员进出港口、通过渡口时，应当优先放行。带有邮政专用标志的邮政车辆需要通过禁行路线或者在禁止停车地段停车的，由有关主管部门核准通行、停车。
第二十九条 邮件通过海上运输时，不参与分摊共同海损。
第三十条 国际邮递物品未经海关查验放行，邮政企业不得寄递。国际邮袋出入境、开拆和封发，应当由海关监管。邮政企业应当将作业时间事先通知海关，海关应当按时派员到场监管查验。
第三十一条 依法应当施行卫生检疫或者动植物检疫的邮件，由检疫部门负责拣出并进行检疫；未经检疫部门许可，邮政企业不得运递。
第六章 损失赔偿
第三十二条 用户对交寄的给据邮件和交汇的汇款，可以在交寄或者交汇之日起一年内，持据向收寄、收汇的邮政企业或者其分支机构查询。邮政企业及其分支机构应当在国务院邮政主管部门规定的期限内将查询结果通知查询人。
查复期满无结果的，邮政企业应当先予赔偿或者采取补救措施。自赔偿之日起一年内，查明有本法第三十四条第（二）项和第（三）项情形之一的，邮政企业有权收回赔偿。
第三十三条 邮政企业对于给据邮件丢失、损毁、内件短少，依照下列规定赔偿或者采取补救措施：
（一）挂号信件，按照国务院邮政主管部门规定的金额赔偿。
（二）保价邮件，丢失或者全部损毁的，按照保价额赔偿；内件短少或者部分损毁的，按照保价额同邮件全部价值的比例对邮件实际损失予以赔偿。
（三）非保价邮包，按照邮包实际损失价值赔偿，但是最高不超过国务院邮政主管部门规定的限额。
（四）其他给据邮件，按照国务院邮政主管部门规定的办法赔偿或者采取补救措施。
第三十四条 有下列情形之一的，邮政企业不负赔偿责任：
（一）平常邮件的损失；
（二）由于用户的责任或者所寄物品本身的原因造成给据邮件损失的；
（三）除汇款和保价邮件以外的其他给据邮件由于不可抗力的原因造成损失的；
（四）用户自交寄给据邮件或者交汇汇款之日起满一年未查询又未提出赔偿要求的。
第三十五条 用户因损失赔偿同邮政企业发生争议的，可以要求邮政企业的上级主管部门处理，对处理不服的可以向人民法院起诉；也可以直接向人民法院起诉。
第七章 罚 则
第三十六条 隐匿、毁弃或者非法开拆他人信件，侵犯公民通信自由权利，情节严重的，依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百四十九条的规定追究刑事责任；尚不够刑事处罚的，依照《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》第二十二条的规定处罚。
第三十七条 邮政工作人员私自开拆或者隐匿、毁弃邮件的，依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百九十一条第一款的规定追究刑事责任。
犯前款罪而窃取财物的，依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百九十一条第二款的规定，按贪污罪从重处罚。
第三十八条 故意损毁邮筒等邮政公用设施，尚不够刑事处罚的，依照《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》第二十五条的规定处罚；情节严重的，依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百五十六条的规定追究刑事责任。
第三十九条 邮政工作人员拒不办理依法应当办理的邮政业务的，故意延误投递邮件的，给予行政处分。邮政工作人员玩忽职守，致使公共财产、国家和人民利益遭受重大损失的，依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百八十七条的规定追究刑事责任。
第四十条 违反本法第八条规定，经营信件和其他具有信件性质的物品的寄递业务的，由工商行政管理部门责令其将收寄的信件和其他具有信件性质的物品及收取的资费退还寄件人，处以罚款。
当事人对处罚决定不服的，可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内向人民法院起诉；逾期不起诉又不履行的，由工商行政管理部门申请人民法院强制执行。
第八章 附 则
第四十一条 本法下列用语的含义是：
（一）邮件：指通过邮政企业寄递的信件、印刷品、邮包、汇款通知、报刊等。
（二）信件：指信函和明信片。
（三）平常邮件：指邮政企业及其分支机构在收寄时不出具收据，投递时不要求收件人签收的邮件。
（四）给据邮件：指挂号信件、邮包、保价邮件等由邮政企业及其分支机构在收寄时出具收据，投递时要求收件人签收的邮件。
（五）国际邮递物品：指中华人民共和国与其他国家和地区的用户相互寄递的印刷品和邮包。
（六）邮政专用品：指邮政日戳、邮政夹钳和邮袋。
第四十二条 中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的有关国际邮政事务的国际条约同本法有不同规定的，适用该国际条约的规定。但是，中华人民共和国声明保留的条款除外。
第四十三条 国务院邮政主管部门根据本法制定实施细则，报国务院批准施行。
第四十四条 本法自１９８７年１月１日起施行。






POSTAL LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
POSTAL LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the 18th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 47 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on December 2, 1986, and
effective as of January 1, 1987)

Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Establishment of Postal Enterprises and Postal Facilities
Chapter III Classification of Postal Businesses and Postal Rates
Chapter IV Posting and Delivery of Postal Materials
Chapter V Transportation, Customs Examination and Quarantine
Inspection of Postal Materials
Chapter VI Compensation for Losses
Chapter VII Penalty Provisions
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution of the People's
Republic of China, with a view to protecting freedom and privacy of
correspondence, ensuring normal progress of postal work, and promoting
development of postal services, so as to suit the needs of socialist
construction and the livelihood of the people.
Article 2
The competent department of postal services under the State Council shall
administer postal services throughout the country.
The competent department of postal services under the State Council shall
set up regional administrative organs of postal services as required to
administer postal services of each region.
Article 3
The postal enterprises attached to the competent department of postal
services under the State Council are public enterprises, owned by the
whole people, that operate postal businesses.
According to stipulations of the competent department of postal services
under the State Council, postal enterprises shall establish branch offices
that operate postal businesses
Article 4
Freedom and privacy of correspondence shall be protected by law. No
organization or individual shall infringe upon the freedom and privacy of
correspondence of other persons for any reason, except when the inspection
of correspondence in accordance with legal procedures by the public
security organ, the state security organ or the procuratorial organ is
necessary for the state's safety or the investigation of criminal offence.
Article 5
Postal materials handed in or posted, remittances made and savings
deposited by users shall be protected by law, and shall not be inspected
and withheld by any organization or individual except as otherwise
provided by law.
Article 6
Postal enterprises shall provide users with fast, accurate, safe and
convenient postal services.
Postal enterprises and postal staff shall not provide information to any
organization or individual about users' dealings with postal services
except as otherwise provided for by law.
Article 7
Postal materials and remittances shall be owned by senders and remitters
before they are delivered to recipients and remittees.
Article 8
Posting and delivery services of mail and other articles with
characteristics of mail shall be exclusively operated by postal
enterprises, except as otherwise provided by the State Council.
Postal enterprises may, according to needs, entrust other units or
individuals as agents to run businesses exclusively operated by postal
enterprises. The provisions on postal personnel specified in this Law
shall apply to agents when they handle postal businesses.
Article 9
No unit or individual shall produce false copies or make fraudulent use of
special postal marks, postal uniforms and special postal articles.

Chapter II Establishment of Postal Enterprises and Postal Faci- lities
Article 10
Standards for establishment of postal enterprises and their branch offices
shall be formulated by the competent department of postal services under
the State Council.
Article 11
Postal enterprises shall establish branch offices, postal kiosks,
newspaper and periodical stands, mailboxes, etc., in places convenient to
the masses, or provide mobile services. Residents' mailboxes for receiving
letters and newspapers shall be installed in residential buildings in
cities.
Places shall be provided for handling postal business in larger railway
stations, airports, ports and guest houses.

Chapter III Classification of Postal Businesses and Postal Rates
Article 12
Postal enterprises operate the following businesses:
(1) posting and delivery of domestic and international postal materials;
(2) distributing domestic newspapers and periodicals;
(3) postal savings and postal remittances; and
(4) other suitable businesses stipulated by the competent department of
postal services under the State Council.
Article 13
Postal enterprises and their branch offices shall not arbitrarily close
down postal businesses that must be handled according to the stipulations
made by the competent department of postal services under the State
Council and the regional administrative organ of postal services.
Owing to force majeure or special reasons, if postal enterprises and their
branch offices need to close down temporarily or restrict the handling of
some postal businesses, they must obtain approval of the competent
department of postal services under the State Council or of regional
postal administrative organs.
Article 14
Postal enterprises shall strengthen distribution work of newspapers and
periodicals. If publishing units entrust postal enterprises with
distribution of newspapers and periodicals, they must make distribution
contracts with postal enterprises.
Article 15
The basic postal rates of postal services shall be set by the competent
department in charge of pricing under the State Council and shall be
reported to the State Council for approval. Non-basic postal rates shall
be formulated by the competent department of postal services under the
State Council.
Article 16
The payment of postage on various postal materials shall be indicated by
postage certificates or by postmarks showing postage paid.
Article 17
Postage stamps, stamped envelopes, stamped postcards, stamped aerogrammes
and other postage certificates shall be issued by the competent department
of postal services under the State Council, and no unit or individual
shall be allowed to produce false copies. The administrative measures on
making facsimiles of stamp patterns shall be formulated by the competent
department of postal services under the State Council.
Article 18
Postage certificates sold shall not be cashed in postal enterprises or
their branch offices. Postage certificates to be withdrawn from
circulation shall be announced to the public, and sales will be stopped
one month in advance by the competent department of postal services under
the State Council. Holders of such postage certificates may exchange them
for valid postage certificates at postal enterprises and their branch
offices within six months from the date of the announcement.
Article 19
The following postage certificates shall not be used:
(1) those which the competent department of postal services under the
State Council has announced as withdrawn from usage;
(2) those that have been postmarked or cancelled;
(3) those that are contaminated, incomplete or illegible due to fading or
discolouring; and
(4) stamp patterns cut from stamped envelopes, stamped postcards and
stamped aerogrammes.

Chapter IV Posting and Delivery of Postal Materials
Article 20
In handing in or posting postal materials, users must abide by the
provisions formulated by the relevant competent department under the State
Council on articles forbidden to post or deliver and articles to be posted
or delivered in limited amounts.
Article 21
The contents of postal materials, other than letters, to be handed in or
posted by users, shall be checked on the spot by postal enterprises or
branch offices, and if such examination is refused, the postal material
shall not be accepted and posted. Mail handed in or posted by users must
be in line with the stipulations concerning the content allowed to be
posted; postal enterprises and their branch offices have the right to
request users to take out the contents for examination, when necessary.
Article 22
Postal enterprises and their branch offices shall deliver postal materials
within the time limits laid down by the competent department of postal
services under the State Council.
Article 23
Undeliverable postal materials shall be returned to the senders.
Mail that is both undeliverable and unreturnable, and unclaimed within the
time limit stipulated by the competent department of postal services under
the State Council, shall be destroyed on the authority of regional
administrative organs of postal services. Incoming international postal
articles that are undeliverable and unreturnable, and unclaimed within the
time limit stipulated by the competent department of postal offices under
the State Council, shall be handled by the Customs in accordance with the
law. Disposal measures for other undeliverable and unreturnable postal
materials shall be formulated by the competent department of postal
services under the State Council.
Article 24
The remittees of postal remittances shall cash the postal remittances with
valid documents at postal enterprises or branch offices within two months
of receiving notice of a postal remittance. Remittances unclaimed when the
time period expires shall be returned to the remitters by postal
enterprises or branch offices. Returned remittances which are unclaimed
for a period of ten months, counting from the date of delivering the
return-remittance notice to the remitter, shall be turned over to the
state treasury.
Article 25
In posting and delivering postal materials, postal codes shall be adopted
gradually, and specific pertinent measures shall be formulated by the
competent department of postal services under the State Council.

Chapter V Transportation, Customs Examination and Quarantine Ins- pection of Postal Materials
Article 26
Transportation units operating railways, highways, waterways and airlines
shall all have the responsibility of carrying and transporting postal
materials, and shall ensure priority to transporting postal materials at
preferential freight charges.
Article 27
When postal enterprises transfer postal materials in railway stations,
airports and ports, transportation units concerned shall make coordinated
arrangement of space and in-and-out passageways for loading and unloading
postal materials.
Article 28
Ships with special postal marks, postal vans and postal staff shall be
given priority in entering and departing ports and crossing on ferries.
Postal vehicles with special postal marks which need to pass through a
lane closed to traffic or to stop in no-parking sections of the road shall
be verified and approved by the competent department concerned for passing
or parking.
Article 29
When transported by sea, postal materials shall not be included in
arrangements for sharing common sea losses.
Article 30
Postal enterprises shall not post or deliver international postal articles
that are not examined and allowed to pass by the Customs. The Customs
shall supervise the entry and exit, opening, sealing and dispatching of
international mailbags. Postal enterprises shall inform the Customs of
their business hours in advance, and the Customs shall promptly send
officials to supervise on-the-spot checking and examination.
Article 31
Postal materials that are subject to health and quarantine inspections or
animal and plant quarantine inspections according to law shall be sorted
out and quarantined under the charge of quarantine offices; no
transportation and delivery shall be conducted by postal enterprises
without a permit from a quarantine office.

Chapter VI Compensation for Losses
Article 32
Users may present receipts and inquire, within one year counting from the
date of the posting or remitting, about vouchered postal materials and
remittances which they handed in for posting or remitting at the postal
enterprises or their branch offices that took in the postal materials or
accepted the remittances. Postal enterprises or branch offices shall
inform inquirers of the results of inquiry within the time limit set by
the competent department of postal services under the State Council.
If no result is found within the time limit for responding to the inquiry,
postal enterprises shall make compensation first or take remedial
measures. Within a year counting from the date of making such
compensation, if it is ascertained that the circumstance for which the
compensation was made conforms with either Item (2) or Item (3) of Article
34 of this Law, the postal enterprises shall have the right to recall the
compensation.
Article 33
For loss, damage, destruction or missing contents of vouchered postal
materials, postal enterprises shall make compensation or take remedial
measures according to the following stipulations:
(1) For registered mail, compensation shall be made according to standard
amounts formulated by the competent department of postal services under
the State Council.
(2) For insured postal materials which are lost or totally damaged or
destroyed, compensation shall be made according to the insurance coverage.
For missing contents or partial damage or destruction of insured postal
materials, compensation shall be made according to the actual losses of
the postal materials, based on the ratio between the insurance coverage
and the whole value of the postal materials.
(3) For uninsured postal parcels, compensation shall be made according to
the actual damage due to loss of such postal parcels, but the maximum
compensation shall not exceed the amount formulated by the competent
department of postal services under the State Council.
(4) For other types of vouchered postal materials, compensation shall be
made or remedial measures taken according to the measures provided for by
the competent department of postal services under the State Council.
Article 34
Postal enterprises shall not be held liable for compensation if one of the
following situations occurs:
(1) losses of ordinary postal materials;
(2) losses of vouchered postal materials caused by the user or due to some
characteristic of the posted articles per se;
(3) losses of vouchered postal materials, other than postal remittances
and insured postal materials, caused by force majeure; and
(4) users failing to inquire about or demand compensation at the end of
one year, counting from the date of handing in or posting the vouchered
postal materials or making the remittance.
Article 35
If disputes over compensation for losses occur between users and postal
enterprises, users may request the competent department of postal services
at higher levels to settle; users who refuse to accept the settlement
thereof may file lawsuits with the people's court; users may also file
lawsuits with the people's court directly.

Chapter VII Penalty Provisions
Article 36
Persons who infringe upon the citizens' right to freedom of correspondence
by concealing, destroying, discarding or illegally opening mail of another
person, where circumstances are serious, shall be investigated for
criminal liability according to the provisions of Article 149 of the
Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China; those whose acts are not
serious enough for criminal punishment shall be punished according to the
provisions of Article 22 of Regulations of the People's Republic of China
on Administrative Penalties for Public Security.
Article 37
Postal personnel who without permission open or conceal, destroy or
discard postal materials shall be investigated for criminal liability in
accordance with Paragraph 1 in Article 191 of the Criminal Law of the
People's Republic of China.
Those who commit the crime specified in the preceding provision and also
steal property therein shall be given a heavier punishment for the crime
of embezzlement in accordance with Paragraph 2 in Article 191 of the
Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China.
Article 38
Persons who intentionally damage or destroy public postal facilities such
as mailboxes, where such acts are not serious enough for criminal
punishment, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article
25 of Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Administrative
Penalties for Public Security; where circumstances are serious, such
persons shall be investigated for criminal liability in accordance with
the provisions of Article 156 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic
of China.
Article 39
Postal personnel who refuse to handle postal business which should be
handled according to law or who intentionally delay the delivery of postal
materials shall be given administrative disciplinary sanction. Postal
personnel who are derelict in their duties and bring about great loss to
public property and the interests of the state and the people shall be
investigated for criminal liability in accordance with the provisions of
Article 187 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China.
Article 40
Persons who, in violation of provisions of Article 8 of this Law, handle
the business of posting and delivering mail or articles with
characteristics of mail shall be ordered by industrial and commercial
administrative authorities to return the mail and other articles and the
postal fees they have obtained from the senders, and a fine shall be
imposed on them.
Parties concerned who refuse to obey the decision of punishment may bring
suit to the people's court within 15 days of receiving the penalty notice.
If parties concerned neither bring suit to the people's court nor
implement the decision before the time limit expires, the industrial and
commercial administrative authorities shall apply to the people's court
for mandatory enforcement.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 41
The meanings of the following terms used in this Law are:
(1) postal materials: referring to mail, printed matter, postal parcels,
money orders, newspapers, periodicals, etc., posted and delivered by
postal enterprises.
(2) mail: referring to letters and postcards.
(3) ordinary postal materials: referring to the postal materials that
postal enterprises and their branch offices do not issue receipts for upon
acceptance and posting, and do not request recipients to sign for on
delivery.
(4) vouchered postal materials: referring to postal materials such as
registered mail, postal parcels, insured postal materials, etc., that the
postal enterprises and their branch offices issue receipts for upon
acceptance and posting, and for which recipients are requested to sign on
delivery.
(5) international postal articles: referring to printed matter and postal
parcels posted and delivered between users of the People's Republic of
China and users of foreign countries or regions.
(6) special postal articles: referring to postal date-marks, postal tongs
for lead sealing and postal bags.
Article 42
If provisions of this Law contravene those of the international treaties
concerning international postal affairs which the People's Republic of
China has concluded or to which China is a party, the provisions of the
international treaties concerned shall prevail, with the exception of the
treaty clauses on which the People's Republic of China has declared
reservations.
Article 43
The competent department of postal services under the State Council shall,
in accordance with this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which
shall go into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State
Council.
Article 44
This Law shall go into effect on January 1, 1987.


福建省人民政府


福建省人民政府批转省质量技术监督局关于福建省名牌产品管理办法的通知
闽政文[2003]143号

各设区市人民政府，省政府各部门。各直属机构，各大企业：

　　省政府同意省质量技术监督局制定的《福建省名牌产品管理办法》，现转发你们，请结合各地、各部门实际认真贯彻执行。

福建省人民政府
二○○三年五月十九日

福建名牌产品管理办法
（省质量技术监督局　二○○三年五月）

第一章　总　则

　　第一条　为推进名牌战略的实施，加强福建名牌产品的监督管理，规范福建名牌产品的评价，推动企业实施名牌战略，引导和支持企业创名牌，指导和督促企业提高质量水平，增强我省产品的市场竞争力，根据《中华人民共和国产品质量法》、国务院颁布的《质量振兴纲要》和国家质量监督检验检疫总局发布的《中国名牌产品管理办法》，特制定本办法。

　　第二条　福建名牌产品是指实物质量达到国内同类产品先进水平、在省内同类产品中处于领先地位，市场占有率和知名度居行业前列、用户满意程度高。具有较强市场竞争力的产品。

　　第三条　福建名牌产品评价工作建立以用户（顾客）满意为宗旨，以市场评价为基础，以社会中介机构为主体，以政府积极推动。引导、监督为保证的总体推进机制。

　　第四条　福建名牌产品评价工作坚持企业自愿申请，科学、公正、公平、公开，不搞终身制，不增加企业负担的原则。

第二章　组织管理

　　第五条　省政府成立省名牌产品评定工作委员会，为非常设机构，统一领导组织管理实施省名牌产品的评价工作。省名牌产品评定工作委员会办公室设在省质量技术监督局，负责省名牌产品评定工作委员会的具体组织、协调及日常管理工作，并推进省名牌产品的宣传、培育工作。

　　第六条　福建省质量技术监督局负责制定福建名牌产品推进工作的目标、原则、计划、任务和范围，对各设区市质量技术监督局及各行业的名牌战略推进工作进行监督和管理，并依法对创省名牌产品成绩突出的生产企业予以表彰。

　　第七条　省名牌产品评定工作委员会办公室每年根据工作需要，聘请有关全省性社团组织、质检机构、政府有关部门的专家组成若干专业委员会。各专业委员会按照省名牌产品评定工作委员会办公室的统一组织，根据产品行业类别分别提出省名牌产品评价实施细则和方案，进行具体评价工作。评价工作结束后，各专业委员会自动解散。

　　第八条　各设区市质量技术监督局在本行政区域内负责省名牌产品的申报和推荐工作，并组织实施对省名牌产品的监督管理。

第三章　申请条件

　　第九条　申请福建名牌产品（工业品）称号，应具备下列条件：

　　（一）符合国家有关法律法规和产业政策的规定；

　　（二）实物质量在同类产品中处于国内领先地位，并达到国际先进水平；市场占有率、出口创汇率、品牌知名度居国内同类产品前列；

　　（三）年销售额、实现利税、工业成本费用利润率、总资产贡献率居本行业前列；

　　（四）企业具有先进可靠生产技术条件和技术装备，技术创新、产品开发能力居行业前列；

　　（五）产品按照采用国际标准或国外先进标准的我国标准组织生产；

　　（六）收业应通过省级以上的计量检测体系保证确认；

　　（七）企业质量管理体系健全并有效运行，未出现重大质量责任事故；

　　（八）企业具有完善的售后服务体系，顾客满意度高。

　　第十条　申请福建名牌产品（农产品）称号，应具备下列条件：

　　（一）产品标准按照国际标准、国家标准、行业标准、省地方标准，或具有显著特点达到国内先进水平以上的企业标准；

　　（二）产品具有明显的福建地方特色，有较长的生产历史，为当地农村经济的主导产品或拳头产品。农产品的原产地命名，符合国家的有关规定；

　　（三）引进后适合本地生产的，或经过改良、创新后适合本区域或全省范围推广的新产品（品种）和本地新开发的产品，时间应在首次收获后三年以上；

　　（四）产品经法定检测机构检验，质量稳定；产品技术指标达到或优于国内同行业的领先水平或接近国际近期先进水平；卫生指标经检测符合国家有关质量卫生安全标准；近三年来未发生重大质量事故或安全事故或出口商品因质量问题被拒收、退货、销毁和索赔情况；

　　（五）产品质量管理体系健全，建立并实施了包括品种、种苗、种植（或养殖）过程以及采集、加工、包装、运输、贮存等质量形成全过程的综合标准化管理，生产单位注重环境保护与生态平衡，实现可持续发展；

　　（六）产品生产具有一定的规模，在市场上有较高的知名度，同类产品中产销量居全省前列，是消费者和用户满意的产品；或者新开发的（生产三年以上），经过鉴定、市场评价具有广阔前景，能形成区域优势或特色，在本地农业经济中占重要地位的产品；

　　（七）生产企业上报的产品应有经国家工商局注册的商标。

　　第十一条　凡有下列情况之一者，不能申请“福建名牌产品”称号：

　　（一）使用国（境）外商标的；

　　（二）列入生产许可证、强制性产品认证及计量器具制造许可证等管理范围的产品而未获证的；

　　（三）在近三年内，曾有被省级以上（含省级）质量监督部门抽查判为不合格经历的；

　　（四）在近三年内，出口商品的检验有不合格经历的；或者出现产品因质量问题遭到国外退货、拒收、销毁、索赔的；

　　（五）近三年内发生质量、安全事故，或有重大质量投诉经查证属实的；

　　（六）有其他严重违反法律法规行为的。

第四章　评价指标

　　第十二条　建立以市场评价、质量评价、效益评价和发展评价为主要评价内容的评价指标体系。

　　第十三条　市场评价主要评价申报产品的市场占有水平、用户满意水平和出口创汇水平；质量评价主要评价申报产品的实物质量水平和申报企业的质量管理体系；效益评价主要对申报企业实现利税、工业成本费用利润水平和总资产贡献水平等方面进行评价；发展评价主要评价申报企业的技术开发水平和企业规模水平，评价指标向拥有自主知识产权和核心技术的产品适当倾斜。

　　第十四条　不同产品评价细则的制定、综合评价中评分标准的确定、不同评价指标权数的分配、不能直接量化指标的评价方法、评价中复杂因素的简化以及综合评价结果的确定等，均由省质量技术监督局组织权威独立的中介机构确定。

第五章　评价程序

　　第十五条　福建名牌产品评价工作每年进行一次。企业在自愿的基础上如实填写《福建名牌产品申请表》、提供有关证明材料，并按规定日期报所在设区市质量技术监督局。

　　第十六条　设区市质量技术监督局在规定的期限内组织本市有关部门及社会团体对申请企业是否符合申报条件、企业申报内容是否属实等有关方面进行核实并形成推荐意见，同企业上报的《福建名牌产品申请表》及相关证明材料统一提交省名牌产品评定工作委员会办公室。

　　第十七条　省名牌产品评定工作委员会办公室负责汇总各市推荐材料，组织有关部门和社会团体对企业的申报材料进行初审，确定初审名单，负责将初审名单及其申请材料分送相应的专业委员会。

　　第十八条　各专业委员会按照评价细则对申请产品进行综合评价，形成评价报告，并据此向省名牌产品评定工作委员会办公室提交本专业的省名牌产品建议名单。

　　第十九条　省名牌产品评定工作委员会办公室将各专业委员会提出的建议名单提交全体委员会审议，经审议确定的产品名单通过新闻媒体向社会公示，征求社会各界意见。

　　第二十条　省名牌产品评定工作委员会办公室将经过公示的产品名单以及相关反馈意见再次提交省名牌产品评定工作委员会全体委员会议审议，确定本年度名牌产品。

　　第二十一条　以省政府的名义授予“福建名牌产品”称号，颁发福建名牌产品证书及奖牌。

第六章　监督管理

　　第二十二条　福建名牌产品证书的有效期为三年。在有效期内，企业可以在获得福建名牌产品称号的产品及其包装、装潢、说明书、广告宣传以及有关材料中使用统一规定的福建名牌产品标志，并注明有效期。法律法规另有规定的除外。

　　第二十三条　福建名牌产品在有效期内，列入打击假冒、保护名优活动的范围；福建名牌产品生产企业应配合执法部门作好产品真假鉴别工作。

　　第二十四条　对已经获得福建名牌产品称号的产品，如产品质量发生较大波动、消费者（用户）反映强烈、出口产品遭国外索赔、企业发生重大质量事故、企业的质量保证体系运行出现重大问题等，经省质量技术监督部门核实报省政府批准后，以省政府办公厅名义公布暂停或者撤销该产品的福建名牌产品称号。

　　第二十五条　福建名牌产品在三年有效期内，要按计划接受一次符合性审核，凡达不到省名牌产品条件的，要在半年内整改，第二次审核仍达不到要求的产品，则停止该产品的福建名牌产品称号。

　　第二十六条　福建名牌产品有效期到达前半年，企业要提出复评申请，逾期二个月未提出申请的，视为放弃复评福建名牌产品的权利。

　　第二十七条　福建名牌产品称号、标志只能使用在被认定型号、规格的产品上，不得扩大使用范围。未获得福建名牌产品称号的产品，不得冒用福建名牌产品标志；被暂停或撤销福建名牌产品称号的产品、超过有效期未重新申请或重新申请未获通过的产品，不得继续使用福建名牌产品标志；禁止转让、伪造福建名牌产品标志及其特有的或者与其近似的标志。违者按《中华人民共和国产品质量法》有关法律条款依法查处。

　　第二十八条　已获福建名牌产品的企业，要不断发展名牌产品，每年元月底前应向省名牌产品评定工作委员会办公室上报一份本企业实施名牌战略发展计划及名牌产品年度质量和生产报表。一年不报的，通报批评；二年不报的，其有效期满后三年内不再受理该企业的福建名牌产品申请。

　　第二十九条　省名牌产品评定工作委员会组织对企业名牌产品发展战略计划进行考核，并将结果通知企业。

　　第三十条　参与福建名牌产品评价工作的有关机构和人员，要保守企业的商业和技术秘密，保护知识产权；严以律己、公正廉洁，要严格按照有关规定、程序进行评价。对于违反规定的单位或者个人，将取消其评价工作资格。凡因滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊，未构成犯罪的，由其所在的工作单位给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

　　第三十一条　申请企业及有关机构所提供的数据应当真实，严禁弄虚作假。对于采取不正当方法获取福建名牌产品称号者，将予以取消，并通报批评，三年内不再受理该企业的福建名牌产品申请。

　　第三十二条　各设区市质量技术监督部门负责本行政区域内名牌战略的组织实施，协助政府制定实施名牌战略的意见及政策和措施。各级政府要适时制定本地区实施名牌战略的工作意见，建立奖励制度，鼓励企业争创名牌。

　　省质量技术监督局负责组织省内企业申报中国名牌产品的有关工作。

　　除按本办法规定的名牌产品评价工作外，其他组织和个人不得进行名牌产品评价活动。

第七章　附　则

　　第三十三条　福建名牌产品标志管理办法由省质量技术监督局另行制定。

　　第三十四条　本办法由省质量技术监督局负责解释。

　　第三十五条　本办法自发布之日起施行。